Ocean and Rail.
Over All
Overall length
Oil companies International Marine Forum
Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development, headquartered in Paris with membership consisting of the world's developed nations
Original fross premium income (reinsurance)
Outstanding marine claims advisory settlements
Original net premium income (reinsurance)
Overseas Private Investment Corporation.
Owner's risk, Original rate
Owner's Risk of Deterioration.
Owner's risk of breakage.
Open shelter deck
Over age
On board
Open charter. Open cover. Old charter. Old crop. Overcharge
Overdeck
Order Notify; Own Name.
Order of.
Overrideing commission
On sample, Out of stock, On sale or return
On truck
On arrival at or of the port
Owners agents both ends
On arrival first sea pilot
Overage
On arrival harbour pilot station
Overall length (same as LOA)
Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries
Organization of American States
Ocean Bill of Lading
Ore/bulk/oil vessel
A multipurpose ship that can carry ore, heavy dry bulk goods and oil. Although more expensive to build, they ultimately are more economical because they can make return journeys with cargo rather than empty as single-purpose ships often must.
On board quantity
Overseas Business Report
Offshore Banking Unit
Operating Committee
Oil Co-ordination Committee; Outward clearance certificate
Olio Combustibile Denso (Fuel oil)
A document, issued by a shipping line to a shipper which serves as a receipt for the goods and evidence of the contract carriage.
Oil Companies International Marine Forum: An oil company consultative organisation, with a secretariat based in London, funded by the oil company members to represent the Oil Industry on marine safety, marine standards and international legislation. OCIM
See Overland Common Points.
Outside diameter
Official Development Assistance
Oil discharge monitor
Oil Discharge Prevention and Contingency Plan
Abbreviation for Operating Differential Subsidy. An amount of money the U.S. government paid U.S. shipping companies that qualify for this subsidy. The intent was to help offset the higher subsidy. The intent was to help ofset the higher cost of operating a U.S.-flag vessel. The ODS program is administered by the U.S. Maritime Administration and is being phased out.
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
Overseas Economic Cooperation Fund
Organization of Eastern Caribbean States
Office of Export Licensing
Original Equipment Manufacture
Office of Foreign Assets Control
Ocean Freight Differential
In a time charter, the owner is entitled to a limited time for his vessel to be off hire until such time as the vessel may be repaired or dry-docked.
An airline that sells in a market to which it does not operate. An off-line carrier will use another operator to link with its network.
Discharge of cargo from a ship.
Any of the licensed members of the ship's complement.
Special vessels employed in exploration for, development of or continuous production of, subsea oil and gas.
Off-hire
Office of History and Archaeology (ADNR)
Open hatch bulk carrier
Organization of the Islamic Conference
Office of International Cooperation and Development
A book or log kept by the master of an oil tanker wherein every discharge or escape of oil is recorded.
A ship designed for the carriage of oil in bulk, her cargo space consisting of several or many tanks. Tankers load their cargo by gravity from the shore or by shore pumps and discharge using their own pumps.
An unlicensed member of the engine room staff who oils and greases bearings and moving parts of the main engine and auxiliaries. Most of this work is now done automatically and the oiler merely insures it operates correctly.
OIL RECovery
Orderly Marketing Agreement
Office of Munitions Control
Onwards
Ore oil carrier
Operator
Oil Pollution Act; Owners Protecting Agent
The United States Oil Pollution Act 1990. The U.S. Federal Regulations concerning Oil Pollution Protection in US waters and off-shore economic exclusion areas. Requirements of the Act are contained in 33 CFR and 46 CFR .
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
A cargo insurance policy that is an open contract; e.g., it provides protection for all of an exporter's shipments afloat or in transit within a specified geographical trade area for an unlimited period of time, until the policy is cancelled by the insured or by the insurance company. It is open because the goods that are shipped are also detailed at that time. This usually is shown in a document called a marine insurance certificate.
Pricing systems that are flexible and not subject to conference approval. Usually applied to products in which tramps are substituted for liners.
A term used in place of flag of convenience or flag of necessity to denote registry in a country which offers favorable tax, regulatory, and other incentives to ship owners from other nations.
Overseas Private Investment Corporation
Option
(1) A deck crew member who is subordinate to the Able Bodied Seamen. (2) An apprentice AB, assists AB's bosun, and officers, keeps facilities clean.
A large ship designed to be used for the carnage of ore. Because of the high density of ore, ore carriers have a relatively high center of gravity to prevent them being still when at sea, that is, rolling heavily with possible stress to the hull.
A large multi-purpose ship designed to carry cargoes wither of ore or other bulk commodities or oil so as to reduce the time the ship would be in ballast if restricted to one type of commodity. This type of ship is sometimes called bulk-oil carrier.
Abbreviation for Origin Rail Freight Station. Same as CFS at origin except an ORFS is operated by the rail carrier participating in the shipment.
Owner's Risk of Leakage.
Owner's Risk of Becoming Wet.
Abbreviation for Over, Short or Damaged Usually discovered at cargo unloading
One safe berth
Open shelter deck or closed shelter deck (vessel)
Open Shelter Deck
On-Scene Incident Commander
One safe port
One safe port or berth
Oil Spill Removal Organization
Offshore supply vessel
Overtime
An able-bodied seamen entrusted with the steering of a vessel.
A railroad movement involving at least three railroad carriers at which CSXT is neither the first nor the last carrier
A situation where there are too many ships generally or in a particular trade for the level of available cargoes.
Orientation Visits
Owners
Otherwise
Owners
Owners
Ocean bill of lading
Ocean bill of landing
Occurrence
A receipt for the cargo and a contract for transportation between a shipper and the ocean carrier. It may also be used as an instrument of ownership which can be bought, sold, or traded while the goods are in transit. To be used in this manner, it must be a negotiable Order Bill-of-Lading.- A Clean Bill-of-Lading is issued when the shipment is received in good order. If damaged or a shortage is noted, a clean bill-of-lading will not be issued.- An On Board Bill-of-Lading certifies that the cargo has been placed aboard the named vessel and is signed by the master of the vessel or his representative. On letter of credit transactions, an On Board Bill-of-Lading is usually necessary for the shipper to obtain payment from the bank. When all Bills-of-Lading are processed a ship's manifest is prepared by the steamship line. This summarizes all cargo aboard the vessel by port of loading and discharge. - An Inland Bill-of-Lading (a waybill on rail or the pro forma bill-of-lading in trucking) is used to document the transportation of the goods between the port and the point of origin or destination. It should contain information such as marks, numbers, steamship line, and similar information to match with a dock receipt
A contract for transportation between a shipper and a carrier. It also evidences receipt of the cargo by the carrier. A bill of lading shows ownership of the cargo and, if made negotiable, can be bought, sold or traded while the goods are in-transit.
OFD is the amount by which the cost of the ocean freight bill for the portion of commodities required to be carried on U.S. flag vessels exceeds the cost of carrying the same amount on foreign flag vessels. When applied to agricultural commodities shipped under Food for Peace, OFD is the amount paid by the Commodity Credit Corporation.
See: Freight Forwarder.
OHG (German, meaning: general partnership) is characterized by the unlimited and direct liability of all partners who are jointly and severally liable. Their liability cannot be restricted. The partnership must carry the family name of at least one partner with reference to the kind of partnership (such as & Co.).
The Department of Agriculture's OICD is responsible for cooperative international research, scientific and technical exchanges, and liaison with internaitonal agricultural organizations. OICD also directs training and technical assistance in efforts in approximately 80 development countries.
See: Defense Trade Controls.
Financial flows to developing countries and multilateral institutions provided by official agencies of national, state, or local governments. Each transaction must be:- administered with the promotion of the economic development and welfare of developing countries as its main objective; and concessional in character and contain a grant element of at least 25 percent.
The term offsets is an umbrella label for a broad range of industrial and commercial compensation practices required as a condition of purchase in commercial or government-to-government sales of either military or high-cost civilian hardware. Whether commercial or military, offsets involve overseas production that results in the creation or expansion of industrial capacity in the importer's country. The compensatory forms of offset include coproduction, licensed production, subcontractor production, overseas investment, and technology transfer. Coproduction permits a foreign government or producer to acquire the technical information to manufacture all or part of a U.S.-origin article. Licensed production of a U.S.-origin article involves transfer of technical information under direct commercial arrangements between a U.S. manufacturer and a foreign government or producer. Subcontractor production of a U.S.-origin article usually involves a direct commercial arrangement between the U.S. manufacturer and a foreign producer but does not necessarily involve license of technical information. Overseas investment arising from an offset agreement involves capital contribution toward the establishment or expansion of a subsidiary or joint venture in a foreign country. Technology transfer arises from agreement to conduct research and development abroad, to provide technical assistance to a subsidiary or joint venture of overseas investment, or to perform other activities under direct commercial arrangement between a U.S. manufacturer and a foreign entity. Countries require offsets for a variety of reasons: to ease (or offset) the burden of large defense purchases on their economies, to increase domestic employment, to obtain desired technology, or to promote targeted industrial sectors. Governments sometimes impose offset requirements on foreign exporters, as a condition for approval of major sales agreements in an effort to either reduce the adverse trade impact of a major sale or to gain specified industrial benefits for the importing country. In these circumstances, offset requirements may be direct or indirect, depending on whether the goods and services are integral parts of the product. In a direct offset, a U.S. manufacturer selling a product uses a component that is made in the purchasing country. In an indirect offset, the exporter would buy products that are peripheral to the manufacture of its product. See: Countertrade
See: Offshore Banking Unit.
An OBU is normally a foreign bank which conducts domestic moneymarket, Eurocurrency, and foreign exchange settlements. OBUs cannot accept domestic depostis but their activities are unrestricted by domestic authorities. OBUs are located in major financial centers (known as offshore banking centers) with liberal reserve, tax, and capital market requirements.
Offshore manufacturing is the foreign manufacture of goods by a domestic firm primarily for import into its home country.
A single or multi functional offshore support vessel
A vessel for the transportation of stores and goods to offshore platforms on an open stern deck and equipped with a towing facility
A non propelled storage barge for dry cargoes
A tanker for the bulk carriage of refined petroleum products, either clean or dirty, which is not suitable for trading in open waters
As defined by the International Trade Administration, old-to-market is a term which refers to committed/experienced larger-scale firms. A significant portion of manufacturing capability may be foreign sourced. Export sales volume is often in excess of 15 percent of total sales.
A notation on a bill of lading that cargo has been loaded on board a vessel. Used to satisfy the requirements of a letter of credit, in the absence of an express requirement to the contrary.
A notation on a bill of lading that the cargo has been stowed on the open deck of the ship.
A trade arrangement in which goods are shipped to a foreign buyer before, and without written guarantee of, payment. Because this method poses an obvious risk to the supplier, it is essential that the buyer's integrity be unquestionable.
A non propelled open barge for the carriage of bulk cargoes
A large single deck cargo vessel with full width hatches and boxed holds for the carriage of unitised dry cargo such as forest products and containers. Many are fitted with a gantry crane
A marine insurance policy that applies to all shipments made by an exporter over a period of time rather than to one shipment only.
A container fitted with a solid removable roof, or with a tarpaulin roof so the container can be loaded or unloaded from the top. Shipping container that has an open top instead of a solid roof to enable cargo, such as timber, to be loaded from the top. The container is covered by waterproof sheeting while in transit.
The Operating Committee (chaired by the Commerce Department) is the first step in resolving interagency disputes over the disposition of license applications for dual-use items not reviewed by one of the other interagency working groups. The other working groups include: (a) the Subgroup on Nuclear Export Coordination (SNEC), chaired by State for applications involving nuclear concerns; (b) the Missile Technology Export Control Group (MTEC), chaired by State for applications involving missile technology concerns; and (c) the Shield, chaired by State for applications involving chemical or biological warfare concerns. These committees review applications and participate in the dispute resolution. Prior to any escalation to the Advisory Committee on Export Policy (ACEP), all applications must be reviewed by one of these working groups. See: Advisory Committee on Export Policy
ODS is a payment which the U.S. government makes to vessels carrying the American flag to offset the difference in operating costs between U.S. and foreign carriers.
A comparison of a carrier's operating expense with its net sales. The most general measure of operating efficiency.
Operation Exodus is a U.S. Customs Service export enforcement program that was developed in 1981 to help stem the flow of the illegal export of U.S.-sourced arms and technology to the Soviet bloc and other prohibited destinations.
The highest level of cube utilization that can be achieved when loading cargo into a container.
B/L covering cargo with more than one discharge point option possibility
A bill of lading term to provide surrender of the original bill of lading before freight is released; usually associated with a shipment covered under a letter of credit.
A bilateral agreement between governments by which one government limits exports to the other. Similar to a voluntary export restriction agreement or a voluntary restraint agreement. Used to address injury to a domestic industry. Contracts negotiated between two or more governments, in which the exporting nation undertakes to ensure that international trade in specified sensitive products will not disrupt, threaten, or impair competitive industries or workers in importing countries.
Bilateral agreements limiting imports from one country to another. OMAs are generally undertaken to avoid imposition of unilateral import restrictions.
A single deck cargo ship fitted with two longitudinal bulkheads. Ore is carried in the centreline holds only
A bulk carrier arranged for the alternative (but not simultaneous) carriage of oil products
An ore carrier arranged for the alternative (but not simultaneous) carriage of crude oil
OECD provides a forum for discussion of common economic and social issues facing the United States, Canada, Western Europe, Japan, Australia, and New Zealand. OECD was founded in September 1960 as successor to the Organization for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC) which had administered European participation in the Marshall Plan. OECD seeks to achieve the highest sustainable economic growth and employment and a rising standard of living in member countries while maintaining financial stability and thus contribute to the world economy. Members include: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Japan, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States. OECD headquarters are in Paris, France. See: Arrangement on Guidelines for Officially Supported Export Credits
The Organization (French: Organisation pour la Mise en Valeur du Fleuve Senegal, OMVS) promotes hydroelectric, irrigation and navigation use of the Senegal river. The organization was established in March 1972; headquarters are in Dakar, Senegal. Members include: Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Mauritania, and Senegal.
OATUU is recognized as the sole representative of African organized labor by the Organization of African Unity (OAU) and the International Labor Organization (ILO). OATUU is formally non-aligned and independent of all internaitonal trade union organizations, but maintains relations with trade unions worldwide. OATUU headquarters are in Accra, Ghana.
The OAU, founded in May 1963 with 32 African countries, has since grown beyond 5 members. The Organization aims to further African unity and solidarity, to coordinate political, economic, cultural, scientific, and defense policies; and to eliminate colonialism in Africa. Members include: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central Africa Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Ethopia, Gabon, the Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe. OAU headquarters are in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
The OAS (Spanish: Organizacion de los Estados Americanos, OEA), or the Pan American Union, is a regional organization created in Bogota, Colombia in April 1948 (entered into force in December 1951) which promotes Latin American economic and social development. Members include the United States, Mexico, and most Central American, South American, and Caribbean nations. Members include: Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba (participation suspended), Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, St. Christopher-Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, the United States, Uruguay, and Venezuela. The U.S. accredits an Ambassador to the OAS. The OAS secretariat is located in Washington, D.C. See: Sistema de Informacion al Comercio Exterior
OAPEC was created in 1968; members include: Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, and the United Arab Emirates. Headquarters are in Cairo, Egypt. See: Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries.
OECS was intended to promote territorial integrity; changing focus includes the recent founding of an export development agency. The Organization was established in 1981; headquarters are in St. Lucia. Members include: Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, Montserrat, Saint Christopher and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent, and the Grenadines.
An association of the world's oil-producing countries, formed in 1960, with headquarters in Vienna, Austria. The chief purpose of OPEC is to coordinate the petroleum policies of its members: Algeria, Ecuador, Gabon, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela. See: Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries.
The OIC, established in May 1971, promotes cooperation in cultural, economics, scientific and social areas among Islamic nations. Headquarters are located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. About half the ICO members are also members of the Organization of African Unity. OIC members include: Afghanistan, Algeria, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Benin, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Comoros, Cyprus, Djibouti, Egypt, Gabon, the Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.
Location where shipment begins its movement
The part of the B/L set that has value, especially when negotiable; rest of set are only informational file copies. Abbreviated as OBL
A document which requires proper signatures for consummating carriage of contract. Must be marked as original by the issuing carrier.
A vessel used for an undefined activity. Not designed for operation in open sea
Transaction or interchange that occurs at the time a container leaves a rail or water terminal.
Quantity of cargo loaded in excess of minimum agreed
To charge more than the proper amount according to the published rates
Cargo more than eight feet high which thus cannot fit into a standard container
A term stated on the bills of lading offering lower shipping rates to importers east of the Rockies, provided merchandise from the Far East comes in through the West Coast ports. OCP rates were established by U.S. West Coast steamship companies in conjunction with western railroads so that cargo originating or destined for the American Midwest and East would be competitive with all-water rates via the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf ports. Applies to eastern Canada.
These are marketing studies of America's major trading partners which provide updated export and economic outlooks, industrial trends, trade regulations, distribution and sales channels, transportation, and credit situation in individual countries.
The OECF, a Japanese government development financial institution, provides developing countries and areas with grants and long-term, low-interest loans. As a result of difficulty in distinguishing between the Fund and the Export-Import Bank of Japan, a 1975 reorganization put OECF in charge of all direct loans to be made as official development assistance (ODA) with the grant element of 25 percent of more. The Fund was created in 1961; headquarters are in Tokyo, Japan. See: Export-Import Bank of Japan Japan International Cooperation Agency.
OPIC is a government corporation which assists U.S. private investments in less developed nations by providing direct loans and loan guarantees, insuring against a broad range of political risks, and providng a variety of investor services. The overseas investments may include distributorships owned by U.S. manufacturers which are consistent with the economic interests of both the United States and the developing country involved. OPIC was formed as a part of the Agency for International Development in 1961 and became an independent agency 10 years later
Standard Carrier Abbreviation Code identifying an individual common carrier. A three letter carrier code followed by a suffix identifies the carrier's equipment. A suffix of U is a container and C is a chassis.
A vessel designed for re-oxygenating waterways where waters have low levels of oxygen through pollution